书名：Rupture, Evolution, and Continuity: The Shandong Peninsula in East Asian Maritime History during the Yuan-Ming Transition
作 者：MA Guang 马光
出版社：Harrassowitz Verlag
series: East Asian Economic and Socio-cultural Studies – East Asian Maritime History
volume: 16
pages/dimensions: XVIII, 230 pages, 3 maps, 9 tables, 6 figures
language: English
binding: Book (Hardback)
dimensions: 17.00 × 24.00 cm
publishing date: 2021
prices: ca. 78,00 Eur[D] / 80,20 Eur[A]
ISBN: 978-3-447-11700-5 / 3447117001
出版社官方页面：https://www.harrassowitz-verlag.de/title_6893.ahtml?T=1640763298
简介
While previous scholars have paid much attention to the maritime history of Guangdong, Fujian, and Zhejiang in southern China, by contrast, there are no monographs or articles focusing on maritime history of Shandong in northern China in Western scholarship. However, as a matter of fact, Shandong played a significant role in East Asian maritime history. This book attempts to break through the “Southeast China-centric” framework by focusing attention on the Shandong Peninsula during the Yuan-Ming transition (late thirteenth to early fifteenth centuries).
Many scholars have argued that there was rupture between the two dynasties in politics, society, and culture, or have argued the opposite from the perspective of land-centric history. By placing Shandong maritime history into a supra-regional, global historical context, the author’s study challenges the Southeast China centrism, the terra-centric model and various traditional views. Ma argues that on the one hand, there were obvious “ruptures” of maritime policy and maritime trade from the Yuan to the Ming dynasties, and on the other hand, some things, such as official sea transportation, continued from Yuan to Ming times. More importantly, although the function of the Shandong Peninsula changed from being primarily an important commercial entrepôt in the Yuan to being a crucial military base during Ming times, it is worth mentioning that it was a process extending over several decades, rather than a simple rupture.
作者简介
马光，比利时根特大学历史学博士，山东大学历史文化学院教授、博士生导师，山东大学齐鲁青年学者，主要研究领域为元明之际东亚海洋史、近代海关史与鸦片史。已出版英文专著一部，在Journal of Asian History (A&HCI)、《近代史研究》等国内期刊上发表中英论文20余篇，多项成果被《新华文摘》、人大复印报刊资料、《高等学校文科学术文摘》、《历史与社会文摘》等转载。曾获得国家社科基金后期资助项目、韩国高等教育财团项目、国家社会科学基金重大项目子课题、博士后特别资助项目、省社科规划项目等多个科研课题，获山东省社会科学优秀成果奖二等奖两次、三等奖一次，山东省高等学校人文社会科学优秀成果奖二等奖两次。
目录
Maps
Tables
Figures
Acknowledgement
Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Dynasties and Periods
Ming Weights and Measures
Preface (Angela Schottenhammer)
Introduction
Historical Background and the Tasks at Hand
State of Research
Methodology
Chapter Outline
Part I Rupture
Chapter 1 The Decline of Domestic Maritime Trade from Yuan to Ming Dynasty
1.1 Domestic Maritime Trade between Shandong and Other Regions in Yuan Times
1.2 The Declining Local Maritime Trade of Shandong in Ming Times
Conclusion
Chapter 2 Shandong and Sino-Korean Relations during the Yuan-Ming Transition
2.1 Changes in Embassy Routes during the Yuan-Ming Transition
2.1.1 The Official Relations between Yuan China and Koryo
2.1.2 Korean Tributary Missions to Ming China
2.2 The International Trade between China and Korea
2.2.1 Non-governmental Trade between Yuan China and Koryo
2.2.2 Two Ancient Commercial Ships in Penglai
2.2.3 Korean Tributary Missions and Their Trade in Ming China
Conclusion
Part II Evolution
Chapter 3 Wokou in China during the Late Yuan and Early Ming Dynasties
3 .1 The Definition, Origins and Development of Wokou
3 .1.1 The First Evidence of the Use of the Word Wokou in Korea
3 .1.2 The First Written Evidence for Wokou in China
3.1.3 Wokou in Yuan China
3.1.4 Wokou during the Early Ming Dynasty
3 .2 Wokou Raiding Activities in Shandong
3.3 Discussion of Causes
3.3.1 Wars
3.3.2 Natural Disasters
3.3.3 Climate Change
3.3.4 The Weak Coastal Defence in China and Korea
3.4 Wokou’s Voyages to China
Conclusion
Chapter 4 A Reassessment of Sino-Japanese Wokou Diplomacy during the Early Ming Dynasty
4.1 Ming China’s Ice-breaking Embassies to Japan
4.2 Japan’s Tributary Mission to China
4.3 Did Zhao Zhi Go back to China in 1371?
4.4 Conflicts and the Rupture of Wokou Diplomacy
4.5 Reassessing the Tributary System Model
Conclusion
Chapter 5 The Ming Coastal Defence System in Shandong
5.1 The Coastal Defence System in Shandong before 1398
5.2 Seven Guards and Three Independent Battalions in 1398
5.3 Military Administration of Shandong
5.3.1 Shandong Anti-Wokou Regional Military Commission
5.3.2 Three Coastal Defence Divisions
5.3.3 Coastal Patrol and Military Defence Circuits
5.4 Coastal Military Inspectorates and Stockades
5.5 Weapons and Warships
Conclusion
Part III Continuity
Chapter 6 The Continuity of Shipment of Grain in Yuan and Ming Times
6.1 Changes of Sea Transport Routes in Yuan Times
6.2 Shipment of Military Supplies between Shandong and Liaodong in Ming times
Conclusion
Conclusion
Appendix
Appendix 1 The Ming Emperors: Names and Dates
Appendix 2 Wokou Raiding Activities in Shandong in Ming Times
Appendix 3 The Establishment Year of Several Coastal Guards and Battalions in Early Ming Shandong
- The Xiongya Independent Battalion
- The Lingshan Guard
- The Aoshan Guard
- Shandong Anti-wokou Regional Military Commission
Appendix 4 Japanese Disasters during the 1220s and 1230s
Appendix 5 Shandong Anti-Wokou Regional Military Commissioners in Ming Times
Appendix 6 Coastal Patrol Circuit Intendants of Shandong in Ming Times
Appendix 7 Officials of the Wendeng Division in Ming Times
Appendix 8 Coastal Military Inspectorates in Shandong in Ming Times
Bibliography
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
Index
Maps
Map 1 The coastal regions of Shandong during the Ming dynasty
Map 2 Korean tribute routes to Ming China
Map 3 Sea routes for grain transport during the Yuan dynasty
Tables
Table 1 Chinese transliterations of Mongol names
Table 2 The frequency of wokou raiding activities in Ming China
Table 3 The number of raids by wokou in Korea and China from 1392 to 1411
Table 4 Length and weight of different iron nails in different boats in Japan
Table 5 Battalions, companies and their forts of the Laizhou guard
Table 6 Battalions, companies and their forts of the Dengzhou guard
Table 7 Battalions, companies and their forts of the Ninghai guard
Table 8 Sailors and their descendants involved in both the sea transport of grain and Zheng He’s voyages
Table 9 Different styles of official seals in the Ming dynasty
Figures
Figure 1 Climate change in Japan in the years 1-2000
Figure 2 Comparison of simulated and reconstructed winter half-year temperature anomalies in the eastern part of China
Figure 3 Sea transport of grain in Yuan times by period
Figure 4 The company commander’s seal of the Xiongya independent battalion
Figure 5 The company commander’s seal of center battalion of the Lingshan guard
Figure 6 The company commander’s seal of rear battalion of the Aoshan guard